The structure of the lithosphere has a relatively well-known composition. It is composed of different types of rocks which, as a whole, has the density and composition of granite. The average chemical composition of the lithosphere has been computed by a number of geo-scientists in terms of elements by weight percentage as indicated below: The above tables indicate that 99 percent of the upper crust is made up mainly of 10 elements, with oxygen accounting for slightly less than 50%.
Given this composition, it is common to find in the lithosphere mainly silicate compounds that form minerals such as clays, sands and rocks, among others. The earth is made up of three different layers of which only two belong to the lithosphere, the crust and part of the earth’s mantle: Crust: It is made up of basaltic rocks and granite. The predominant chemical elements are oxygen, sulfur, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium.
The crust is the outermost solid layer of the earth.
The solid component of earth is called Lithosphere. crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. It consists of different layers viz. Seafloor Lithosphere Under the ocean basins, the crust and mantle rocks of the lithosphere have more or less the same chemical composition.